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Hinamatsuri
, also called Doll's Day or Girls' Day, is a special day in Japan.〔Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). ("Hina Matsuri" ) in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 313.〕 ''Hinamatsuri'' is celebrated each year on March 3. Platforms covered with a red carpet are used to display a set of representing the Emperor, Empress, attendants, and musicians in traditional court dress of the Heian period.
== Origin and customs ==
The custom of displaying dolls began during the Heian period. Formerly, people believed the dolls possessed the power to contain bad spirits. Hinamatsuri traces its origins to an ancient Japanese custom called , in which straw hina dolls are set afloat on a boat and sent down a river to the sea, supposedly taking troubles or bad spirits with them. The Shimogamo Shrine (part of the Kamo Shrine complex in Kyoto) celebrates the ''Nagashibina'' by floating these dolls between the Takano and Kamo Rivers to pray for the safety of children. People have stopped doing this now because of fishermen catching the dolls in their nets. They now send them out to sea, and when the spectators are gone they take the boats out of the water and bring them back to the temple and burn them.
The customary drink for the festival is ''shirozake'', a sake made from fermented rice. A colored ''hina-arare'', bite-sized crackers flavored with sugar or soy sauce depending on the region, and ''hishimochi'', a diamond-shaped colored rice cake, are served. ''Chirashizushi'' (sushi rice flavored with sugar, vinegar, topped with raw fish and a variety of ingredients) is often eaten. A salt-based soup called ''ushiojiru'' containing clams still in the shell is also served. Clam shells in food are deemed the symbol of a united and peaceful couple, because a pair of clam shells fits perfectly, and no pair but the original pair can do so.
Families generally start to display the dolls in February and take them down immediately after the festival. Superstition says that leaving the dolls past March 4 will result in a late marriage for the daughter.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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